Effects of Mineral Fertilizer Doses and Ratios on Tea Yield and Quality

Date Received: Oct 27, 2020

Date Published: Aug 10, 2021

DOI: https://doi.org/10.31817/vjas.2021.4.2.01

Views

2092

Download

402

How to Cite:

Hoang, T., Thang, V., Thu, D., Binh, N., Toan, N., & Hoang, D. (2021). Effects of Mineral Fertilizer Doses and Ratios on Tea Yield and Quality. Vietnam Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 4(2), 997–1006. https://doi.org/10.31817/vjas.2021.4.2.01

Effects of Mineral Fertilizer Doses and Ratios on Tea Yield and Quality

Tran Xuan Hoang (*) 1 , Vu Ngoc Thang 2 , Dang Van Thu 3 , Nguyen Ngoc Binh 1 , Nguyen Van Toan 3   , Dinh Thai Hoang 2

  • Corresponding author: dthoangimp@gmail.com
  • 1 Tea Research and Development Center, Northern Mountainous Agriculture and Forestry Science Institute, Phu Tho 293823, Vietnam
  • 2 Faculty of Agronomy, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi 131000, Vietnam
  • 3 Northern Mountainous Agriculture and Forestry Science Institute, Phu Tho 293823, Vietnam

    • Keywords

    Oolong tea, Sencha tea, mineral fertilizer, yield, quality

    Abstract


    Mineral nutrients are essential to plant growth and development. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of mineral fertilizer doses and N:P:K ratio on growth, yield, and raw material quality of the tea variety PH10 to improve the production of high-quality tea products. The field experiment was conducted from 2015 to 2017. A two-factor experiment was designed by split-plot design with three replications. The mainplot treatments were three fertilizer doses of N  for one metric ton of fresh shoot products (30, 40, and 50 kg N ha-1). The subplot treatments were two NPK ratios (3:1:1 and 3:1:2). Plant height, leaf canopy, plant diameter, shoot yield parameters, shoot components, biochemical compounds, and sensory quality for Oolong and Sencha tea products were evaluated. The results showed that increasing fertilizer doses from 30 up to 40 kg N per ton of fresh product improved remarkably growth, yield, and tea quality of PH10 variety. Different fertilizer ratios resulted in variations in plant growth, the content of carbohydrate, sensory quality for taste and flavor as well as total sensory quality with higher values at NPK ratio of 3:1:2. Applying mineral fertilizer with an NPK ratio of 3:1:2 and 40kg N per ton of fresh shoot products was recommended to bring about the most benefits of tea yield and quality as well as economic profit.

    Author Biographies

    Tran Xuan Hoang, Tea Research and Development Center, Northern Mountainous Agriculture and Forestry Science Institute, Phu Tho 293823, Vietnam

    First author

    Vu Ngoc Thang, Faculty of Agronomy, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi 131000, Vietnam

    Co-first author

    References

    Amali R. K. A., Abeyweera N. H. A. S., Gunaratne O. G. K. A. & Kottawa-Arachchi J. D. (2019). Response of new tea (Camellia sinensis L.) accessions to different nitrogen rates in up country region of Sri Lanka. Proceedings of the 7th Symposium on Plantation Crop Research, At Colombo.

    Anon (2006). Responses of irrigated clonel tea to various rates of nitrogen fertilizer. Annual Report, 2005-06. Tea Research Institute, Tanzania: 30-36.

    Barbora B.C. (1991). Fertilizer use in tea. Two and A Bud. 38: 1-2.

    Barman T. S., Saikia J. & Baruah U. (2003). Foliar application of potash on starch reserve in tea. Two Bud. 50: 39-41.

    Clowes M. S. J. (1986). New nutrition trial on selected clones in a season with good rainfall. Tea Research Foundation of Central Africa, Quart. Newlett. 83: 9-11.

    Ellis R. T. (1976). The case for use of phosphate and potash. Tea Research Foundation of Central Africa, Quart. Newslett. 42: 3-6.

    FAOSTAT (2018). Food and Agriculture Data. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/faostat/en on November 20, 2019.

    Gogoi A. K., Chaudhary D., Gogoi M. N. & Charkravartee J. (1994). Effect of phosphorus on nitrogen metabolism in tea plant. Two and A Bud. 41(1): 42-47.

    Hajiboland R. (2017). Environmental and nutritional requirements for tea cultivation. Folia Horticulturae. 29(2): 199-220.

    Hoang Le Thu, Nguyen Dinh Vinh & Do Van Ngoc (2013). Effect of fertilizer and pruning on the yield and quality of raw materials for processing Oolong tea in Phu Tho. Journal of Science and Development. 11(4): 492-500 (in Vietnamese).

    Islam S., Hamid F. S., Zaman Q., Shah B. H., Ahmad F., Shad H. & Aftab S. (2019). Effect of different levels of phosphorus on the growth and yield of tea. Open Academic Journal of Advance Science and Technology. 3(1): 11-16.

    Lin Z. H., Qi Y. P., Chen R. B., Zhang F. Z. & Chen L. S. (2012). Effects of phosphorus supply on the quality of green tea. Food Chemistry. 130: 908-914.

    Malenga N. E. A. (1987). The effect of different levels of nitrogen on yield, quality and value of made tea in Mulanje, Malawi. Quarterly Newsletter, Tea Research Foundation on Central Africa. 87: 7-11.

    Mudau F. N., Soundy P. & Toit E. S. (2017). Nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium increases growth and total polyphenol concentrations of bus tea in a shaded nursery environment. HorTechnology. 17(1): 107-110.

    Nishino T. (1999). Effects of nitrogen fertilizer application on the yield and quality of tea [Camellia sinensis], and measures to reduce the leaching of nitrogen. Retrieved from https://agris.fao.org/agris-search/search.do?recordID=JP1999004248 on December 15, 2019.

    Nguyen Huu La (2014). Results of field experiments of fertilizer management for some new tea varieties during year 2000-2012. Retrieved from http://iasvn.org/chuyen-muc/Ket-qua-nghien-cuu-bon-phan-cho-mot-so-giong-che-moi-giai-doan-2000-2012-4601.html on March 12, 2014 (in Vietnamese).

    Owuor P. O., Othieno C. O., Horita H., Tsushida T. & Murai T. (1987). Effects of nitrogenous fertilizers on the chemical composition of black tea. Agricultural and Biological Chemistry. 51: 2665-2670.

    Owuor P. O., Obanda M. & Othieno C. O. (1994). Effects of rates and ratios of nitrogenous and potash fertilizers on tea in the eastern highlands of Kenya: III. Quality and value. Tea. 15(1): 42-49.

    Owuor P. O., Obanda M. & Wanyoko J. K. (1995). Quality response of low yielding tea to rates and splitting nitrogen fertilizer application in the eastern and western Kenya highlands. Tea. 16: 124-128.

    Owuor P. O. & Othieno C. O. (1996). Optimising nitrogen fertilizer application rates to different tea cultivars. Tropical Science. 36: 211-223.

    Owuor P. O. (2001). Effects of fertilizers on tea yields and quality. A review with special reference to Africa and Sri Lanka. International Journal of Tea Science. 1(1):1-11.

    QCVN 01-38:2010/BNNPTNT. National technical regulation on surveillance method of plant pests. Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, dated December 10, 2010.

    Qiu S. L., Wang L. M., Huang D. F., & Lin X. J. (2014). Effects of fertilization regimes on tea yields, soil fertility, and soil microbial diversity. Chilean Journal of Agricultural Research. 74(3): 333-339.

    Rikhter M. A. & Lyashko M. U. (1979). The effect of high nitrogen rates on the yield and quality of irrigated tea. Subtropicheskie Kultury. 1: 36-43.

    Ruan J., Wu X. & Härdter R. (1999). Effects of potassium and magnesium nutrition on the quality components of different types of tea. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. 79(1): 47-52.

    Sedaghathoor S., Torkashvand A. M., Hashemabadi D. & Kaviani B. (2009). Yield and quality response of tea plant to fertilizers. African Journal of Agricultural Research 4(6): 568-570.

    Singh A. K. & Pathak S. K. (2018). Potassium in tea (Camellia sinensis L. O Kuntze) cultivation from soil to cup quality - A review. Agricultural Reviews. 39(1): 40-47.

    Sitienei K., Home P. G., Kamau D. M. & Wanyoko J. K. (2013). Nitrogen and potassium dynamics in tea cultivation as influenced by fertilizer type and application rates. American Journal of Plant Sciences. 4: 59-65.

    Takeo T. (1992). Green and semi-fermented teas. In tea: Willson K. C. & Clifford M. N. (Eds.) Cultivation to consumption. London, Chapman and Hall: 413-457

    Tang S., Liu Y., Zheng N., Li Y., Ma Q., Xiao H., Zhou X., Xu X., Jiang T., He P. & Wu L. (2020). Temporal variation in nutrient requirements of tea (Camellia sinensis) in China based on QUEFTS analysis. Scientific Reports. 10: 1745.

    TCVN 1053:1986. Tea leaf- Method for the determination of fiber of tea leaf. National Science and Technology Council, issued on April 10, 1986 (in Vietnamese).

    TCVN 3218-2012. Tea- Sensory analysis by presenting mark. Ministry of Science and Technology, issued on January 1, 2012 (in Vietnamese).

    TCVN 1273:2019. Oolong tea- Basic requirements. Ministry of Science and Technology, issued on December 31, 2019 (in Vietnamese).

    TCN 446:2001. Technical procedure for tea production. Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, issued on March 7, 2001 (in Vietnamese).

    Venkatesan S. & Ganapathy M. N. K. (2004). Impact of nitrogen and potassium fertilizer application on quality of CTC teas. Food Chemistry. 84(3):325-328.

    VITIC (2020). Tea export market 2019. Retrieved from http://vinanet.vn/thuong-mai-cha/thi-truong-xuat-khau-che-nam-2019-724458.html on May 12, 2020 (in Vietnamese).

    Willson K. C. (1975). Studies on the mineral nutrition of tea. Potassium. Plant and Soil. 43: 279-293.

    Willson K. C. & Choudhury R. (1968). Fertilizers and tea quality. Two and A Bud. 15(3): 92-95.

    Zaman Q., Sarwar S., Ahmad F. & Hamid F. S. (2011). Effect of nitrogenous fertilizer on the growth and yield of tea (Camellia sinensis L.) pruned in curved vs flat shape. Journal of Agricultural Research. 49(4): 477-482.