Effects of Dietary Supplementation with a Mixed Powder of Medicinal Plants on the Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics, Chemical Composition, and Meat Quality of Pigs

Date Received: Jun 17, 2021

Date Published: Dec 31, 2021

DOI: https://doi.org/10.31817/vjas.2021.4.4.01

Views

1410

Download

354

Issue: Vol. 4 No. 4 (2021): Vietnam Journal of Agricultural Sciences

Section:

ANIMAL SCIENCE – VETERINARY MEDICINE – AQUACULTURE

How to Cite:

Oanh, N., Huyen, N., Tien, N., & Ton, V. (2021). Effects of Dietary Supplementation with a Mixed Powder of Medicinal Plants on the Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics, Chemical Composition, and Meat Quality of Pigs. Vietnam Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 4(4), 1209–1219. https://doi.org/10.31817/vjas.2021.4.4.01

Effects of Dietary Supplementation with a Mixed Powder of Medicinal Plants on the Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics, Chemical Composition, and Meat Quality of Pigs

Nguyen Cong Oanh (*) 1 , Nguyen Thi Huyen 2 , Nguyen Dinh Tien 1   , Vu Dinh Ton 1

  • Corresponding author: ncoanh@vnua.edu.vn
  • 1 Faculty of Animal Science, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi 131000, Vietnam
  • 2 Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi 131000, Vietnam

    • Keywords

    Cholesterol, meat quality, pigs, medicinal plant powder

    Abstract


    The study was conducted to evaluate the effects of a medicinal plant mixture (MP) (60% Bindens pilosa L., 15% Urena lobata L., 15% Pseuderanthemum palatiferum, 5% Ramulus Cinnamomi, and 5% Illicium verum Hook. f.) as a feed additive to promote the growth performance and meat quality of grower-finisher pigs. Forty-eight crossbred pigs (Duroc × (Landrace × Yorkshire)), with initial live body weights of 30.3 ± 1.42kg, were randomly allocated to four dietary groups, with three replicates of each group and four animals per replicate. The experimental pigs were fed a basal diet supplemented with MP powder at 0, 20, 40, or 60 g kg-1 of feed (T0, T20, T40, and T60) for 15 weeks. The growth performance, carcass quality parameters, chemical composition, fatty acids, and cholesterol contents of the pig meat were measured. There were no statistical differences (P> 0.05) in the final live body weight, overall average daily gain, average daily feed intake, and feed conversion ratio among the control and MP treatments. MP supplementation significantly increased the protein content (P = 0.02) and decreased the cholesterol content (P = 0.04) of raw longissimus dorsi muscle. The obtained results indicate that the dietary MP supplementation tested could have the potential to improve meat quality and decrease the cholesterol content in pork with no adverse effects on the growth performance.

    References

    Burrough E. R. (2016). Swine Dysentery: Etiopathogenesis and diagnosis of a re-emerging disease. Veterinary Pathology. 54: 22-31.

    Ahmed S. T., Mun H. S., Islam M. M., Ko S. Y. & Yang C. J. (2016). Effects of dietary natural and fermented herb combination on growth performance, carcass traits and meat quality in grower-finisher pigs. Meat Science. 122: 7-15. DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2016.07.016.

    Amaral A. B., Silva M. V. D. & Lannes S. C. D. S. (2018). Lipid oxidation in meat: Mechanisms and protective factors – a review. Food Science and Technology. 38(1): 1-15. DOI: 10.1590/fst.32518.

    AOAC (1990). Official Methods of Analysis (15th ed.). Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Arlington, VA, USA.

    Cortés-Rojas D. F., Chagas-Paula D. A., Da Costa F. B., Souza C. R. F. & Oliveira W. P. (2013). Bioactive compounds in Bidens pilosa L. populations: A key step in the standardization of phytopharmaceutical preparations. Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia. 23(1): 28-35. DOI: 10.1590/S0102-695X2012005000100.

    Derewiaka D. & Obiedziński M. (2010). Cholesterol oxides content in selected animal products determined by GC-MS. European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology. 112(10): 1130-1137. DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.200900238.

    Dieu H. K., Loc C. B., Yamasaki S. & Hirata Y. (2006). The effects of Pseuderanthemum palatiferum, a new medicinal plant, on growth performances and diarrhea of piglets. Japan Agricultural Research Quarterly. 40(1): 85-91. DOI: 10.6090/jarq.40.85.

    Ding X., Yang C. W. & Yang Z. B. (2017). Effects of star anise (Illicium verum Hook.f.), essential oil, and leavings on growth performance, serum, and liver antioxidant status of broiler chickens. Journal of Applied Poultry Research. 26(4): 459-466. DOI: 10.3382/japr/pfx014.

    Fan X.-J., Liu S. Z., Li H. H., He J., Feng J. T., Zhang X. & Yan H. (2019). Effects of Portulaca oleracea L. extract on lipid oxidation and color of pork meat during refrigerated storage. Meat Science. 147: 82-90. DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2018.08.022.

    Gadde U., Kim W. H., Oh S. T. & Lillehoj H. S. (2017). Alternatives to antibiotics for maximizing growth performance and feed efficiency in poultry: A review. Animal Health Research Reviews. 18(1): 26-45. DOI: 10.1017/S1466252316000207.

    Hanczakowska E., Świątkiewicz M. & Grela E. R. (2015). Effect of dietary inclusion of a herbal extract mixture and different oils on pig performance and meat quality. Meat Science. 108: 61-66. DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2015.05.020.

    Hashemi S. R. & Davoodi H. (2011). Herbal plants and their derivatives as growth and health promoters in animal nutrition. Veterinary Research Communications. 35: 169-180.

    Janz J. A. M., Morel P. C. H., Wilkinson B. H. P. & Purchas R. W. (2007). Preliminary investigation of the effects of low-level dietary inclusion of fragrant essential oils and oleoresins on pig performance and pork quality. Meat Science. 75(2): 350-355. DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2006.06.027.

    Kwon O. S., Cho J. H., Min B. J., Kim H. J., Chen Y. G., Yoo J. S., Kim I. H., La J. C. & Park H. K. (2005). Effect of supplemental medicinal plants (Artemisia, Acanthopanax and Garlic) on growth performance, IGF-1 and meat quality characteristics in growing-finishing pigs. Food Science of Animal Resources. 25(3): 316-321.

    Lei X. J., Yun H. M. & Kim I. H. (2018). Effects of dietary supplementation of natural and fermented herbs on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood parameters, meat quality and fatty acid composition in growing-finishing pigs. Italian Journal of Animal Science. 17(4): 984-993. DOI: 10.1080/1828051X.2018.1429955.

    Lengerken G. V. & Pfeiffer H. (1987). Stand und entwicklungstendezen der anwendung von methoden zur erkennung der stressempfindlichkeit und fleischqualitaet beim schwein, inter-symp. Zur Schweinezucht, Leipzig.

    Liu G. M., Wei Y., Wang Z. S., Wu D., Zhou A. G. & Liu G. L. (2008). Effects of herbal extract supplementation on growth performance and insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I system in finishing pigs. Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences. 17(4): 538-547. DOI: 10.22358/jafs/66681/2008.

    Luo Q., Li N., Zheng Z., Chen L., Mu S., Chen L., Liu Z., Yan J. & Sun C. (2020). Dietary cinnamaldehyde supplementation improves the growth performance, oxidative stability, immune function, and meat quality in finishing pigs. Livestock Science. 240: 104221. DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2020.104221.

    Matysiak B., Jacyno E., Kawecka M., Kołodziej-Skalska A. & Pietruszka A. (2012). The effect of plant extracts fed before farrowing and during lactation on sow and piglet performance. South African Journal of Animal Science. 42(1): 15-21. DOI: 10.4314/sajas.v42i1.2.

    Monin G. (2003). Abattage des porcs et qualités des carcasses et des viandes. Productions animales. 16(4): 251.

    Noblet J. & Perez J. M. (1993). Prediction of digestibility of nutrients and energy values of pig diets from chemical analysis. Journal of Animal Science. 71(12): 3389-3398. DOI: 10.2527/1993.71123389x.

    NRC (2012). Nutrient requirements of swine. National Academies Press. Washington, DC, USA.

    Oanh N. C., Bernard T., Dang P. K., Luc D. D., Nassim M., Huyen N. T., Thinh N. H., Georges D., Jérôme B., Ton V. D. & Hornick J. L. (2019). Growth performance, carcass quality characteristics and colonic microbiota profiles in finishing pigs fed diets with different inclusion levels of rice distillers’ by-product. Animal Science Journal. 90(8): 948-960. DOI: 10.1111/asj.13229.

    Oanh N. C., Taminiau B., Dang P. K., Daube G., Giap N. V., Bindelle J., Fall P. A., Ton V. D. & Hornick J. L. (2020). Effect of increasing levels of rice distillers’ by-product on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood profile and colonic microbiota of weaned piglets. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences. 33(5): 788-801. DOI: 10.5713/ajas.19.0278.

    Patra J. K., Das G., Bose S., Banerjee S., Vishnuprasad C. N., Rodriguez‐Torres M. D. P. & Shin H. S. (2020). Star anise (Illicium verum): Chemical compounds, antiviral properties, and clinical relevance. Phytotherapy Research. 34(6): 1248-1267. DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6614.

    Quan P. M., Van T. T. H., Lam D. T., Phuong D. L., Inh C. T., Long P. Q. & Minh P. T. H. (2019). Study on the chemical composition of Urena lobata growing in Vietnam. Vietnam Journal of Science and Technology. 57(2): 162-169. DOI: 10.15625/2525-2518/57/2/13019.

    Ranucci D., Beghelli D., Trabalza-Marinucci M., Branciari R., Forte C., Olivieri O., Badillo Pazmay G. V., Cavallucci C. & Acuti G. (2015). Dietary effects of a mix derived from oregano (Origanum vulgare L.) essential oil and sweet chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) wood extract on pig performance, oxidative status and pork quality traits. Meat Science. 100: 319-326. DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2014.09.149.

    Rao A. V. & Gurfinkel D. M. (2000). The bioactivity of saponins: Triterpenoid and steroidal glycosides. Drug Metabolism and Drug Interactions. 17(1-4): 211-235. DOI: 10.1515/dmdi.2000.17.1-4.211.

    Sang-Oh P., Chae-Min R., Byung-Sung P. & Jong H. (2013). The meat quality and growth performance in broiler chickens fed diet with cinnamon powder. Journal of Environmental Biology. 34(1): 127-133.

    Suthathip T., Sunpetch A. & Rungtip C. (2016). Occurrence and molecular characteristics of antimicrobial resistance of Escherichia coli from broilers, pigs and meat products in Thailand and Cambodia provinces. Microbiology and Immunology. 60: 575-585. DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.12407.

    The Government of Vietnam (2020). Decree No. 13/2020/ND-CP on detailed guidelines for launching animal husbandry law. Retrieved from https://thuvienphapluat.vn/van-ban/linh-vuc-khac/Nghi-dinh-13-2020-ND-CP-huong-dan-Luat-Chan-nuoi-433295.aspx on August 31, 2021 (in Vietnamese).

    The Government of Vietnam (2017) Decree on providing the regulatory framework for terrestrial and aquatic animal feeds (39/2017/ND-CP (2017). Retrieved from https://thuvienphapluat.vn/van-ban/Bo-may-hanh-chinh/Nghi-dinh-39-2017-ND-CP-quan-ly-thuc-an-chan-nuoi-thuy-san-330927.aspx on August 31, 2021 (in Vietnamese).

    The Vietnam Ministry of Science and Technology (1984). Decision on promulgated four national standards on breeding pigs - The regulation of slaughter for estimating a carcass of pig (TCVN 3899-84). Retrieved from https://thuvienphapluat.vn/van-ban/Linh-vuc-khac/Quyet-dinh-157-QD-4-tieu-chuan-Nha-nuoc-TCVN-3897-84-TCVN-3898-84-TCVN-3899-84-TCVN-3900-84-43470.aspx on August 31, 2020 (in Vietnamese).

    Vu T. H. N., Nguyen Q. H., Dinh T. M. L., Quach N. T., Khieu T. N., Hoang H., Chu-Ky S., Vu T. T., Chu H. H., Lee J., Kang H., Li W. J. & Phi Q. T. (2020). Endophytic actinomycetes associated with Cinnamomum cassia Presl in Hoa Binh province, Vietnam: Distribution, antimicrobial activity and, genetic features. The Journal of General and Applied Microbiology. 66(1): 24-31. DOI: 10.2323/jgam.2019.04.004.

    Wang S., Moustaid-Moussa N., Chen L., Mo H., Shastri A., Su R., Bapat P., Kwun I. & Shen C.-L. (2014). Novel insights of dietary polyphenols and obesity. The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry. 25(1): 1-18. DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2013.09.001.

    Wenjiao F., Yunchuan C., Junxiu S. & Yongkui Z. (2014). Effects of tea polyphenol on quality and shelf life of pork sausages. Journal of Food Science and Technology. 51: 191-195. DOI: 10.1007/s13197-013-1076-x.

    Wenk C. (2003). Herbs and botanicals as feed additives inmonogastric animals. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences. 16(2): 282-289. DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2003.282.

    Xuan T. D. & Khanh T. D. (2016). Chemistry and pharmacology of Bidens pilosa: an overview. Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation. 46:91-132. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40005-016-0231-6.

    Yan L., Meng Q. W. & Kim I. H. (2011). The effect of a herb extract mixture on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood characteristics and fecal noxious gas content in growing pigs. Livestock Science. 141(2): 143-147. DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2011.05.011.

    Zarrouki B., Pillon N. J., Kalbacher E., Soula H. A., N’Jomen G. N., Grand L., Chambert S., Geloen A. & Soulage C. (2010). Cirsimarin, a potent antilipogenic flavonoid, decreases fat deposition in mice intra-abdominal adipose tissue. International Journal of Obesity. 34: 1566-1575. DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2010.85.

    Zhang J., Yin J., Zhou X., Li F., Ni J. & Dong B. (2008). Effects of lower dietary lysine and energy content on carcass characteristics and meat quality in growing-finishing pigs. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences. 21(12): 1785-1793. DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2008.80191.

    Zhou T. X., Zhang Z. F. & Kim I. H. (2013). Effects of dietary coptis chinensis herb extract on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood characteristics and meat quality in growing-finishing pigs. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences. 26(1): 108-115. DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2011.11400.