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• Characterizing Rice Quality Properties and Comprehensive Taste Quality: A Case Study of Three-years of Regional Varietal Trials in the Mekong Delta

  Nguyen Ba Thang

  Received: Jun 01, 2022 / Published: Dec 30, 2022

   Abstract PDF

  A data set of 140 selected rice varieties from regional registration testing in the Mekong delta with four rice registration groups was studied for quality properties and correlations between each quality parameter and comprehensive taste quality in this paper. Differences in rice quality among the four registration groups and three taste categories were identified. (1) The three maturity groups of A0, A1, and A2 could be divided into fairly good and medium taste categories only whereas the aromatic group could be divided into three taste categories. (2) In the A0, A1, and A2 groups, the amylose content values of the fairly good taste category were lower than those of the medium taste category in the three groups, by 5.91%, 4.38%, and 6.38%, respectively (P <0.05). However, the gel consistency values of the fairly good taste category were higher than those of the medium one, by 25.79mm, 16.53mm, and 26.66mm, respectively. (3) In the aromatic group, the hulling percentage and milling percentage of the good taste category were lower than that of the medium one, respectively. The grain length, length/width ratio, smell, and taste of the high-taste quality category rice were higher than those of the medium taste category rice, however, the amylose content was non-significantly different among the three taste quality categories (P <0.05). (4) The smell and tenderness were found to be highly positively correlated with the comprehensive taste quality, but the amylose content was highly negatively correlated with the comprehensive taste quality in all groups (P <0.01).

• Correlation among Quality Characteristics in Medium-Grain Rice

  Bui Phuoc Tam, Pham Thi Be Tu, Nguyen Thi Pha, Duong Tran Ti Ni, La Ngoc Tuong Vi, Nguyen Thai Duong

  Received: Jan 05, 2023 / Published: Jun 30, 2023

   Abstract PDF

  Rice (Oryza sativa L.) grain attributes, such as grain length and shape, milling quality, and physicochemical quality, are crucial for varietal development and subsequent farm adoption. Thus, it is crucial to comprehend the phenotypic range of these grain attributes and how they relate to one another. Therefore, this study analyzed the main grain quality traits in medium-grain rice, namely the amylose content (AC), gelatinization temperature (GT), gel consistency (GC), ratio of head rice (HR), and percentage of chalkiness (PC). Correlations among the major quality characteristics were then calculated through Pearson correlation matrix analysis. The results showed that AC was highly connected with GC, and PC and HR (GC) showed a strong correlation. The correlation between GT and GC was average. The other quality traits did not correlate significantly. The phenotypes of the grain quality traits provide a basis for improving the quality of medium-grain rice populations.

• Genetic Divergence of Cultivated Rice Varieties in North Vietnam for Grain Quality Traits Using D2 Cluster Analysis

  Nguyen Ba Thang

  Received: Oct 21, 2021 / Published: Jun 27, 2022

   Abstract PDF

  The study was carried out with twenty-four genotypes of rice during the Spring season, 2020 in Hanoi, Vietnam in order to exploit the attributes and divergence of quality properties from existing rice cultivars in North Vietnam. The rice genotypes were characterized based on ten quality parameters of milling, physical appearance and physiochemical characters using Mahalanobis D2 statistic. D2 analysis allocated the 24 genotypes into eight clusters, of which cluster I was the largest with 12 genotypes. The clustering showed the random distribution of genotypes into different clusters indicating that the origin and release duration were not related to the genetic diversity of grain quality. Among different traits, amylose content, length/width ratio and gel consistency were identified as topmost contributors in total divergence. Cluster I possessed a maximum intra-cluster value of 296.34 and the maximum inter-cluster distance was recorded between cluster IV and VI (2247.39) succeeded by cluster I and VI (2245.94) designing the members presented in these clusters can be exploited as potential donors in a breeding program to result good physicochemical quality traits in rice.

• Integration of Mineral Fertilizer with Organic Fertilizer for Improved Tomato Fruit Yield and Quality

  Nguyen Thi Loan, Nguyen Ngoc Hung, Tran Thi Thiem, Thieu Thi Phong Thu

  Received: May 15, 2023 / Accepted: Jun 12, 2024 / Published: Jun 28, 2024

   Abstract PDF

  This study aimed to evaluate the effects of chemical and organic fertilizers in different fertilization regimes on vegetative growth, fruit yield, and fruit quality of tomatoes. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications in the winter season of 2021. The treatments were: no fertilizers, application of NPK fertilizer (15-15-15) at a rate of 1000 kg ha-1, application of chicken manure at a rate of 12 tons ha-1, and three treatments of the combination of NPK fertilizer and chicken manure at the ratios of 70:30, 50:50, and 30:70, respectively. The results indicated that the combination of chemical and organic fertilizers led to improved vegetative plant growth. Combining 70% of NPK fertilizer with 30% of chicken manure gave the maximum fruit yield component values and fruit yield of tomatoes. Adding chicken manure to the fertilization regimes also led to better fruit quality. The integrated fertilization increased the TSS and vitamin C values, and when 50-70% of the chemical fertilizers were substituted with chicken manure, the sugar content and total acid increased in the fruits. The color at the red stage was more intense in tomato fruits treated with the NPK fertilizer and integrated fertilization regimes compared to those from organic fertilization.

• Combining Ability Analysis for Quality Traits in Selected Rice Varieties (Oryza sativa L.)

  Nguyen Ba Thang

  Received: Mar 14, 2023 / Accepted: Aug 06, 2024 / Published: Sep 30, 2024

   Abstract PDF

  Fifteen hybrid combinations developed by crossing five lines and three testers were assessed for milling and physio-chemical qualities to evaluate the combining ability of the parents using a line x tester design. This investigation provided information about the general combining ability (GCA) of parents and the specific combining ability (SCA) effects of crosses from eight popular inbred varieties. C70 was considered the best general combiner for the head rice recovery trait, while the crosses involving C70 with DH18 and CR203, 13/2 with TBR225 and Xi23, and OM6976 with TBR45 showed significant positive specific combining ability (SCA) effects. Xi23 and OM6976 among the lines showed significant general combining ability (GCA) effects indicating them to be good general combiners for obtaining hybrids with desirable (low or intermediate) properties of amylose content. The variances due to SCA were of greater magnitude than GCA for all the traits, revealing the preponderance of non-additive gene action for all the studied attributes. In all the studied quality traits, the narrow sense heritabilities were ordered as follows: head rice recovery > amylose content > gel consistency > alkali digestion > hulling percentage > milling percentage. The narrow sense heritabilities in these traits were quite low, ranging from 8.11% to 14.4%. Among the eight parents, C70, Xi23, and TBR225 were the most ideal for high-quality line breeding.